A heart attack without a scar on the heart
Biologists repaired the heart of a mouse using the "technology" of fish
Specialists from several universities in Germany and England forced the heart cells of the danio-rerio fish to divide more actively by acting on them with an artificial metabolite, and then cured mice with myocardial infarction using this technology.
Danio-rerio fish are a classic model organism, including for many medical studies. Their cardiomyocytes (muscle cells of the heart) have a unique ability to divide in case of organ damage, replacing dead tissue areas. In mammals and, in particular, humans, in case of damage to the heart tissue, the dead cells are replaced by scar tissue.
The researchers studied the reaction of cardiomyocytes to various chemicals. As a result, they isolated carbacycline as one of the possible factors for the growth of heart cells. Carbacycline is a synthetic analogue of the natural metabolite prostacyclin, a substance responsible for reducing blood clotting.
Studies have shown that carbacycline activates the hormonal receptor PPARδ located in the cell nuclei, which enhances the growth of the number of cardiomyocytes in danio-rerio.
After testing carbacycline on mice with myocardial infarction, the scientists noted that PPARδ stimulation improves cardiac function and minimizes scar tissue formation. It is important that the hormone receptor PPARδ is also contained in the cells of almost all human tissues.
The team of researchers considers the use of drugs for the regeneration of cardiomyocytes to be quite likely, which will be an important achievement in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases associated with necrosis of certain areas of cardiac tissue.
According to WHO, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for more than 17 million deaths per year.
The study is published in the journal Cell research.
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29.08.2017