Only three markers
A method has been developed for blood analysis to find out life expectancy
Scientists have identified three main indicators of the blood test, which can be used to judge the general state of human health and its prospects to live to old age. The most important thing is the level of lymphocytes. The results of the study are published in the journal JAMA Network Open (Zidar et al., Association of Lymphopenia With Risk of Mortality Among Adults in the US General Population).
A new joint study by American scientists from the Cleveland Clinic and the University of Cleveland Hospital has shown that widely used clinical indicators of immune status and inflammation can be considered as general indicators of the body's resilience.
The authors analyzed the data of more than 31 thousand participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Program (NHANES), who were monitored by doctors for 12 years. The program was implemented by the National Center for Health Statistics, part of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
A stable relationship was found between the level of lymphocytes and mortality. This relationship does not depend on age, other immune markers of the blood and additional risk factors.
"We have made a lot of efforts to develop new biomarkers to identify people with the highest risk of death and disease, and have proposed a very pragmatic approach – to estimate the number of white blood cells in the patient's blood, – the words of one of the authors of the study Jarrod Dalton (Jarrod Dalton) are quoted in the press release of the clinic. "This is already being done as part of a routine examination."
Lymphopenia, a condition characterized by low levels of lymphocytes, in all cases creates a high risk of death from heart disease, cancer and respiratory infections, including influenza and pneumonia.
The link between lymphopenia and decreased survival was especially pronounced when low lymphocyte levels were combined with other abnormal indicators in the blood – the width of the distribution of red blood cells, indicating the ability of the body to generate and maintain a healthy population of red blood cells, and the level of C-reactive protein as an indicator of inflammation.
The combination of all three indicators allowed the researchers to build a so-called risk profile of patient mortality. Practical examples show that people with a low risk profile live about ten years longer than those who lead the same lifestyle, but have a high risk profile.
"Thanks to additional research, we will soon begin to understand the biological processes that link these markers to diseases, which is a critical step for the development of therapeutic techniques," says Sadeer Al–Kindi, another author of the study. "In the meantime, we are ready to create test systems that allow doctors to use immune status indicators for early detection of patients with the highest risk of mortality."
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