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Two-week prevention slows down the development of diabetes for years

Svetlana Maslova, Hi-tech+

Scientists have proven the effectiveness of the drug in patients with increased risk. Without preventive treatment, type I diabetes would have developed in a year, and after a two-week course, some received a six-year "reprieve".

Scientists from the University of California at San Francisco proved that a two-week course of immunotherapy with the drug "Teplizumab" significantly reduces the risk of developing type I diabetes mellitus. On average, the disease was delayed for two years, but some patients were not diagnosed with diabetes even after six years.

Article by Herold et al. An Anti-CD3 Antibody, Teplizumab, in Relations at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes is published in the New England Journal of Medicine – VM.

The results obtained are the result of 33 years of scientific work, which is finally nearing completion.

The study involved 55 children and 21 adult patients. There were already cases of type I diabetes in their family history, and by the time the study started, laboratory blood counts already indicated the imminent development of the disease. It is believed that in such patients the risk is close to 100%.

A single two-week course of treatment reduced the likelihood of developing the disease by 60% during the year. So, 36% of participants from the placebo group had diabetes the following year, compared with 15% who took Teplizumab.

The findings are the first evidence that the drug can delay or even prevent the development of type I diabetes.

"A delay of two years does not seem significant in adulthood, but it is critical for children," the scientist Gerold Gitelman emphasizes.

Teplizumab reduces the activity of autoreactive CD3+ T cells, protecting the beta cells of the pancreas from destruction.

Previous studies have shown that a similar treatment regimen slows down the progression of the disease in people who have already been diagnosed.

Now the team is waiting for the approval of the American regulator FDA so that the drug can be prescribed and sold.

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