Resveratrol from cell cultures
FEFU and FEB RAS scientists have found a way to make Amur grapes healthier
FEFU Press Service
Scientists of the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) and the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) have discovered a way to significantly increase the content of valuable substances in Amur grapes. The proposed new biotechnological methods will allow the use of grape cell culture of this species for the industrial production of resveratrol, a substance that positively affects the life expectancy of animals, has anti–tumor activity, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties.
As explained by Konstantin Kiselyov, associate Professor of the Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology of the School of Natural Sciences (SHEN) of the FEFU, resveratrol is found in many plants, such as mountaineer, peanuts, cranberries, blueberries. But its greatest content is characteristic of grapes, including Amur grapes (Vitis amurensis). Using methods of regulation of biosynthesis of valuable substances, scientists were able to increase the content of resveratrol in grape cell cultures by 100 times (up to 3% of dry weight) compared to unprocessed grape cells.
The researchers note that their developments will make the production of resveratrol more efficient. Currently, the substance is obtained from plants of bird's knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum) – this is a long and costly process, since the content of resveratrol in an adult plant does not exceed tenths of a percent of the dry mass of cells.
Instead, scientists propose to obtain resveratrol from plant cell cultures, so that the product can be created regardless of the season, soil and weather conditions. To increase the content of resveratrol for the purpose of industrial production, it is proposed to increase the biosynthesis of valuable substances by introducing special gene designs into grape cells.
Scientists of the FEFU and the FEB RAS plan to continue working in this direction. Researchers are interested in studying the content of such useful substances as stilbens in different parts of grape plants. In the near future, the team will focus on elucidating the molecular mechanism of regulation of the biosynthesis of stilbens and resveratrol in plant cells. In addition, the possibility of obtaining new hybrid varieties based on Amur grapes, resistant to many diseases and low temperatures, is being discussed with colleagues from the Republic of Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory.
The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology of the SHEN FEFU and the Laboratory of Biotechnology of the Federal Scientific Center for Biodiversity of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The work was attended by researchers of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexandra Dubrovina and Alexey Tyunin, students of the FEFU SHEN Olga Aleynova, Zlata Ogneva, Andrey Suprun. The research results have been published in a series of publications in reputable international scientific journals "Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture", "Acta Physiologiae Plantarum" and others.
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15.05.2017