Activation of protomitochondria is the path to cell rejuvenation
A curious research project is under consideration in our Foundation.
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Vekshin N.L.,
Doctor of Biological Sciences, V.N.S. of the Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushchino)
annotation. For the first time, intracellular mitochondrial organelles – protomitochondria, which are the precursors of mitochondria, were isolated and characterized from specialized mammalian cells (heart, muscles, liver). Cell aging induced by damage by reactive oxygen species can be slowed down and even prevented by activating the transformation of protomitochondria into mitochondria, as well as by eliminating old mitochondrial organelles – postmitochondria. Protomitochondria, small young mitochondrial organelles from which mature mitochondria arise in specialized cells, were isolated and characterized for the first time from mammalian cells.
They are similar to mitochondria, but differ from them in dehydrogenase activity, surface charge, some proteins and other parameters. The properties of protomitochondria obtained by filtering a common mitochondrial suspension (from rat liver or bull heart) through 0.22- and 0.45-micron millipore filters were studied.
The similarity of protomitochondria and mitochondria in respiration, dehydrogenase activity, ADP phosphorylation, protein composition, DNA presence, cytochrome, NADH and flavin content is shown, which indicates the relationship of these organelles. Quantitative differences of some parameters reflecting the process of intracellular transformation of protomitochondria into mitochondria were found. Particles of different sizes differ in NADH-dehydrogenase, succinate oxidase and phosphorylating activity.
The catalytic stages of the NADH oxidation process in the native enzyme complex of protomitochondria have been studied. The initial stages of NADH oxidation in hepatic mitochondria and protomitochondria have been studied in a wide range of conditions (pH, ionic strength, viscosity, temperature, etc.). With the help of inhibitors and by photodestruction of natural chromophores, the electronic "pathway" of the NADH/ubiquinone oxidoreductase reaction and the NADH/ferricyanide oxidoreductase reaction were compared and it was shown that the second reaction is an electronic shunt bypassing all redox centers (FMN, ubiquinone and iron-sulfur clusters) of the enzyme complex. Spontaneous and detergent-induced release of FMN from the NADH/ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex was detected.
The data obtained are important for understanding the processes of mitochondrial ontogenesis in the cell, finding ways to treat mitochondrial encephalomyopathies and slowing down the aging process by activating the growth of protomitochondria.
The work was supported by the grant RFBR-Minnauka 04-04-97269 r2004naukograd_a "Molecular aspects of mitochondrial pathologies caused by NADH/ubiquinone oxidoreductase damage" (2004-2006).
Planned (R&D):• Isolate the pure fraction of protomitochondria (mitochondrial embryos) and study its properties.
• Isolate the pure fraction of postmitochondria (old organelles) and study the properties.
• Activate the transformation of protomitochondria (in solution and in the cell) into mitochondria using biochemical activators.
• Activate the removal (mitoptosis) of old mitochondrial organelles in the cell.
• To test biochemical activators on animals.
• Adapt activators as dietary supplements or medications.
The necessary funds for R & D – 3 million rubles. The R&D completion period is 1 year.
From the editors:
here is a short excerpt from Nikolai Vekshin's book "The Elixir of Life" (Pushchino, LLC "Photon-vek", 2007, 264 p.).
The author defined the genre of the book as follows: "Memoir-adventure, documentary-romantic, science fiction thriller."
"...I worked a lot with actiol. And there were cases when he accidentally fell into his hands. When I poured the complex into the ears of the Brave, the dog angrily shook his head and the spray flew into my face. Unlike pure actinomycin, actiol easily penetrates through the skin. Some people who have known me for a long time began to say: "Vikenty, you've been kind of younger lately." The mother began to talk about the same thing. At first I answered with a laugh: "No, I just started shaving more often!". But when the saleswomen in the stores began to address me as "young man", I thought about it. Maybe actiol really rejuvenates?
It is very possible that actiol prolonged the life of animals not only by killing tumor cells, but also by directly prolonging the life of cells. Scientists have discovered those areas in the chromosomes that limit the life of the cell. These areas are called telomeres. Each time a cell divides in half, the length of the telomeric DNA section is shortened. The number of cell divisions is limited by the length of chromosomal telomeres. As soon as the telomeres become too short, the cells lose their ability to divide; the body becomes unable to replace old cells with young ones.
Maybe actiol interacts with telomeres and prevents their shortening? This should be tested on dividing animal cells. I decided to make such experiments. However, the impatience was so great that I wanted to try to test actiol on a human without waiting for the results on cells and mice. To put the experience on yourself? I was not far from the idea of starting to take actiol regularly. But it was scary. What if something goes wrong? Take a chance or not? Taking big risks doesn't mean foolishly. Here's Belyaev, he would certainly take a risk in my place. I was tormented by doubts.
In the early morning, shaving my many-day stubble, I look sleepily in the mirror and see: not a single gray hair. Wow! Did the actiol have an effect? After some time I look: the wrinkles disappeared, the skin smoothed out, the hair began to grow violently. Ur-ra! Ay yes actiol! Here he is the elixir of life! Soon the stubble disappeared from his chin; there was nothing to shave. Why would that be? Cheeks became plump like a baby's. Wow! This is too much! Then the voice began to break into a youthful squeak. Oh, shit, overdose! And then, in a half–faint, I realize that a little more - and I will turn into a baby; a huge baby weighing 75 kg. Moms, guard!... I woke up sweating. What a dream! F-f-you-well-you! He touched his chin, felt the prickly stubble with pleasure... And I decided not to risk it yet."
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26.12.2007