Biosynthesis in microcapsules
New technology will make protein biosynthesis cheaper
Sergey Kolenov, Hi-tech+
The new technique developed in the USA is based on bacteria that react to changes in their own density, and special porous capsules. Their combination makes it possible to synthesize a variety of proteins without the use of expensive devices.
Modern biosynthesis is based on the industrial cultivation of bacteria in bioreactors. This is usually a complex and large-scale process that requires the use of expensive equipment. For production in small volumes or in conditions of limited resources, it is poorly suited.
Researchers from Duke University, whose work is described in the press release Programmable swarmbots help make flexible biological tools, proposed an alternative approach. It greatly facilitates the collection and purification of synthesized proteins and protein complexes.
Scientists have placed colonies of bacteria inside the capsules, which feel a change in the density of their own population. After reaching a certain density, the bacteria commit mass suicide and burst.
At the same time, the contents of their cells, including the protein of interest to researchers, are released into the capsule. In response to changes in density and chemical environment, the capsule walls contract, pushing the protein out through the pores. The contents of the cells and the surviving bacteria remain inside.
After collecting the protein, nutrients are added to the capsules, which allow the bacteria to start growing again. The whole cycle can be repeated many times during the week.
At the same time, the process does not require electricity and complex devices such as centrifuges for separating proteins.
During the experiments, scientists used the technology to synthesize 50 different proteins. The authors believe that the technique will become an ideal platform for the biosynthesis of various compounds – for example, drug components.
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