Breathe into the blood glucose meter
Russian scientists have learned to identify diabetes by exhaled air
The staff of the Faculty of Chemistry of Lomonosov Moscow State University proved that the level of glucose in the blood can be determined not only by analyzing the blood itself, but also by the condensates of exhaled air. In addition, the researchers proposed a non-invasive method for monitoring diabetes. The results of the work were published in the journal Electrochemistry Communications.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which a person's blood glucose level exceeds the norm due to metabolic disorders. Diabetes affects about 5% of the world's population. It is practically incurable, you can only delay complications by controlling the glucose level in the patient's blood. In addition, diabetes often causes a number of complications, such as atherosclerosis, muscle disease, blindness and a number of others. In the absence of proper treatment, diabetes mellitus and its consequences can lead to death.
For timely administration of medications, people suffering from diabetes mellitus should monitor their blood glucose levels. Standard tests usually require a blood sample. Noninvasive analysis does not involve either blood sampling or damage to the skin, thus eliminating the risk of human infection. The authors of the article investigated the use of noninvasively collected exhaled air condensate for diabetes monitoring.
"We have proved that the air exhaled by a person contains glucose and have shown why it was not possible to register it earlier. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the concentrations of glucose in the blood and in the condensate of exhaled air: a change in the concentration of glucose in the blood causes a similar change in its content in the exhaled air. This fact opens up the possibility of non–invasive monitoring of diabetes," said one of the authors of the article Arkady Karyakin, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Analytical Chemistry of the Chemical Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Figure from an article in Electrochemistry Communications – VM
To confirm the hypothesis, scientists took a blood sample from the subjects and analyzed the glucose content in it. In addition, a sample of exhaled air condensate from the same subjects was analyzed on highly efficient biosensors, and then the glucose content in it and in the blood was compared.
Commercialization of the proposed method for detecting glucose in exhaled air condensate will improve the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people who are forced to donate blood for analysis several times a day today.
The work was carried out in collaboration with scientists from St. Petersburg National Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.
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