Intestinal bacteria prevent people from losing weight
American scientists have concluded that the effectiveness of the diet depends on the composition of intestinal bacteria. If the intestinal microflora is "not ready" for a diet, then a person will not lose weight even with a sharp decrease in calories consumed.
To study how a change in diet affects the vital activity of intestinal microorganisms, a group of scientists from Washington University in St. Louis observed two groups of Americans.
The first group consumed two times fewer calories with food than average Americans, and consisted of thin people. The second group ate in the usual way for Americans, and consisted mainly of overweight people.
In people from these two groups, scientists isolated and cultured two sets of intestinal bacteria. A set of groups of intestinal bacteria characteristic of 34 people who limited themselves in calories was called CRON. And the totality of groups of intestinal bacteria from 198 people who ate the usual food for Americans was called AMER.
Then the scientists took two groups of ten triples of mice deprived of their own microflora (gnobiont). CRON bacteria were transplanted into the first group of mice, and AMER bacteria were transplanted into the second group. After 11 weeks, the scientists analyzed the weight and physiological state of the mice.
In a group of mice colonized by CRON microflora, one mouse was fed according to the AMER diet, and the second received a calorie-restricted CRON diet. Since animals exchange microflora in their natural environment, living and eating together, scientists reproduced this circumstance in the laboratory – the third mouse from the CRON group was fed in accordance with the CRON diet, but AMER microflora was introduced into the food.
The same experiment was performed with mice colonized by the microflora of the AMER group. The difference was that the third mouse received food in accordance with the AMER diet, but CRON microflora was introduced into the food.
It turned out that mice colonized by the AMER microflora and fed on the AMER diet, but received CRON bacteria, maintained normal weight and metabolism. At the same time, mice with CRON microflora fed on the AMER diet gained less weight than mice with AMER microflora fed on the CRON diet, which almost did not lose weight.
Figure from an article in Cell host & Microbe – VM
Based on the data obtained, American scientists have suggested that in order to increase the effectiveness of the diet, it is necessary not only to change the composition of consumed foods and the number of calories in food, but also to adjust the microflora of a losing weight person. Further research will help to understand exactly which bacterial taxa should be included in probiotics in order to speed up the recovery of overweight people.
The study is published in the journal Cell host & Microbe (Griffin et al., Prior Dietary Practices and Connections to a Human Gut Microbial Metacommunity Alter Responses to Diet Interventions).
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru
10.01.2017