Laser against coronavirus
The FITZ of Fundamental and Translational Medicine will test antikovid photodynamic therapy
Advisor to the Chairman of the SB RAS Olga Dorokhova, Science in Siberia
During the last meeting of the Interdepartmental Working Group on Coronavirus Infection at the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the photodynamic inactivation (FDI) technique of viruses and bacteria was selected as one of the promising methods of prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
For a number of reasons, FDI is a potentially promising and inexpensive addition to existing methods of antiviral and antibacterial therapy. Novosibirsk has been engaged in research in this area for a long time, at present a significant practical reserve has been accumulated in the field of PDT and FDI. Sergey Danilovich Nikonov, Head of the Laboratory of Biomedical Application of Quantum devices and Systems of the Interdisciplinary Quantum Center of Novosibirsk State University, member of the Board of National Experts of the CIS countries on Lasers and Laser Technologies, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, made a report on the topic "Acticoid PDT technique - photodynamic prevention and therapy of coronavirus infection COVID–19". In his opinion, the main features of the current SarS-CoV2 coronavirus pandemic, such as high contagiousness and the rate of infection spread, the absence of etiotropic treatment, as well as outcomes in severe bilateral pneumonia with the development of ARDS and sepsis, determine the urgency of developing antiviral treatment that can prevent infection and prevent the development of severe viral pneumonia at the outpatient stage.
The essence of the inactivation method is the use of singlet oxygen (toxic oxygen radicals), reacting to the introduction of a photosensitizer drug into the body, "highlighting" the virus molecules and the cells affected by it. Short-lived reactive oxygen species cause irreversible damage to viral targets such as lipids and envelope proteins, capsid and basic proteins, as well as nucleic acid. The virus loses its pathogenicity due to blocking replication due to damage to DNA and RNA. The resistance of viruses to PDT does not occur at the same time. The attack by oxygen radicals occurs under the influence of a certain spectrum of light radiation, achievable with the use of laser light energy sources, as well as LED emitters. Preliminary tests of the FDI method have already been carried out in Germany on the basis of one of the university clinics, demonstrating high nonspecific efficacy as prevention and treatment of both coronavirus infection and complicated pneumonia with associated bacterial infection, showing good results in achieving minimum indicators of need among the tested group of patients in ventilators, complications after the SarS disease-CoV2 and total mortality. Inactivation of viruses is achievable at micromolar concentrations of photosensitizers and with observance of the dose density of light energy.
The existing clinical use of antiviral PDT is currently limited to the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis, genital warts and plantar warts, HPV-associated cervical dysplasia and a few cases of treatment of viral complications in AIDS patients. Currently, medical technologies of bactericidal laser PDT of wound infections, bacterial infections of the periodontal and upper respiratory tract, vulgar acne, viral inactivation of donor plasma have been registered and implemented in the Russian Federation.
"Joint research by FITZ FTM and NSU on fixing the results of antimicrobial and antiviral PDT on the example of coronavirus infection of the SarS-CoV2 strain can help in the formation of a new method of mass treatment of a wide range of respiratory diseases in the future, after proven effectiveness against various pathogens. The energy of LEDs is able to penetrate through the chest wall and excite antimicrobial, antiviral and anti–inflammatory reactions in the lung, and the delivery of a photosensitizer to the lower respiratory tract is possible by inhalation through a nebulizer with preactivation by laser radiation," commented the head of the MRG at the SB RAS on COVID-19, director of the FIT FTM Academician Mikhail Ivanovich Voevoda.
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