FAQ about a heart attack
Where does a heart attack's legs grow from?
MedikForumAt all times, men have been more ill with myocardial infarction, but today women are increasingly joining the ranks of the cores.
The reason? Acquiring male professions, ladies are increasingly exposed to stress, they have increasing loads, including physical ones. They ruin the heart and... hormonal contraceptives. And today, women are increasingly resorting to “miracle pills” to prevent pregnancy, which hinders career growth. But the female body, as it turned out, is not yet physiologically ready for such violence.
This was told by the director of the Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Interventional Cardioangiology, Chief cardiologist of Moscow, MD, Professor David Ioseliani. We invited David Georgievich to the editorial office and asked him to explain to our readers where the legs of a heart attack grow from and how to prevent this terrible disease.
– Emotional stress, increased mental and physical exertion are, one might say, a trigger for angina and coronary heart disease (CHD), – David Georgievich began at once. – Perhaps, to some extent, they play a role in the origin of atherosclerosis, or rather, in its progression. Add here drugs, smoking, alcohol – in young people they most often provoke heart attacks. And the main symptoms of coronary heart disease are pain or discomfort in the heart area that occur during increased exercise and go away after it ends. Pain may appear behind the sternum, give to the shoulder blade, neck, stomach. Signs of coronary heart disease are also suffocation, rhythm disturbance. In order not to get yourself into trouble, it is advisable to be examined every year. If there are no signs of heart disease during the next examination, the interval can be increased to 2-3 years (but at least once every 5 years). However, if any symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor, even if you have recently been examined and there were no signs of the disease.
– David Georgievich, how often do you need to be examined by a cardiologist after 50 years?– Already those who are over forty, I would advise to constantly monitor their blood pressure, blood sugar and give up smoking.
And, I repeat once again, a person is obliged to move, because at this time the microcirculation of the whole body improves, the heart is better supplied with nutrition and oxygen. Even yoga classes are useful in this sense: they allow you to redirect blood to different parts of the body, to different organs and improve microcirculation in different poses. Today, when everyone is sitting at computers, the microcirculation of the blood is very much disturbed. The health formula is simple: if you want to protect your heart from diseases, move more, eat less fatty foods and carbohydrates, and lead a healthy lifestyle.
– It is believed that happy people practically do not suffer from cardiovascular diseases. Is it so?– Although the question is naive, but in principle interesting.
It is important to determine who considers himself happy. Successful at work? But he may not be very successful in his personal life. If we keep in mind health, then prosperous and prosperous people also get sick, like everyone else. Perhaps the one who does not get sick can consider himself happy. Or a young man who has a beloved companion nearby? I think it's important to feel happy, to be content with what you have. And enjoy life.
– Who is at risk of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction: people who smoke, overweight, with poor heredity? Who else?– And those, and others, and others.
But, although heredity plays a certain role, it is not a fact that a person will necessarily get sick if his parents had angina. The risk group definitely includes people with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus.
– How to recognize hypertension? Are there stages of this disease?– Of course, this disease can be recognized.
If we keep in mind the feelings of a person, then first of all – pain in the back of the head, a heavy head, discomfort, which can be expressed in staggering and instability while walking. The most accurate method is blood pressure measurement.
– I have high cholesterol – 8,4. Is it possible to undergo free diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease in your center? What is needed for this?– It is necessary to start the examination from the polyclinic at the place of residence.
And if necessary, you will be given a referral to a specialized center.
– Is calcification of the heart vessels treated with medications? Are bypass surgery used in this case, or only stents? Is it possible to determine calcification during a person's lifetime and how? Why does it occur?– Unfortunately, it is difficult to treat this disease with drugs, and today it is almost impossible.
Calcification causes a change in blood vessels, narrowing of their lumen. It occurs for a number of reasons. At the initial stages, there may probably be an inflammatory process in the vessel wall or in the heart valve. Then it gradually increases depending on the degree of narrowing of the vessel. During life, the most accurate method for determining vascular calcification is computed tomography. You can help the patient either with stenting or coronary artery bypass grafting. But you can prevent the disease. There are a number of medications, a doctor should recommend them.
The cause of vasoconstriction may also be a food factor. Unfortunately, we have gone far from rational and high-quality nutrition. Rational means more vegetables, fish products, low–fat food, less flour and sweet. But even with such observance of the diet, a person is not guaranteed 100% that he will not have calcification. Vascular calcification manifests itself with the combination of many factors, which, by the way, are not yet fully clear to science.
– Five years ago, I had a coronary artery stenting operation at your center. I paid US$1,500 for the stent and its installation. Is such an operation possible in your center for free?– For Muscovites, if there are indications, such operations are free.
Not Muscovites and not Russians have to pay. It happens that a patient pays if he demands that he be sure to have a drug-coated stent. And they are expensive and not everyone is shown for health reasons.
– In 2002, you performed an operation on me – direct stenting. Thank you very much! Everything was fine, but recently angina began to bother. Is it possible to do a similar operation again and how to do it practically?– Over the past 8 years, other vessels that we did not treat could have changed.
Unfortunately, there could be changes in the stent itself. You should contact us. Moreover, all those whom we once treated, we accept without fail, if there are complaints.
– My heart periodically freezes, as after a fright. It kind of stops, and then there is a rapid heartbeat. What to do?– If such symptoms have appeared, then it is probably an extrasystole – and you should definitely contact a cardiologist at your place of residence.
The initial examination will be carried out at the polyclinic. Be sure to conduct daily monitoring of the cardiogram. If the doctors deem it necessary, then you will be referred either to us or to another specialized institution. There are many municipal hospitals in Moscow where you can successfully and fully examine the heart and receive adequate treatment.
– Considering the small diameter of the affected arteries, laser myocardial revascularization is recommended to me. But there is practically no data on the number of successfully operated and long-term results, although these operations have been performed for 10 years. Is it possible to consult in your Center?– The method of laser myocardial revascularization began to be used 20 years ago.
But he did not justify himself. The effect that the doctors received was short-lived. The operation is extremely traumatic: channels are made in the heart with a laser – and through them blood must flow to all other areas of the heart. But these channels are quickly overgrown. Laser heart surgery has long been abandoned all over the world. And I refused. I speak as an operating doctor: I am not a supporter of this method. You can contact me personally with your problem, I will look at the angiogram and determine what to do next.
– After an attack of angina, tachycardia progresses, pulse – up to 120 beats / min. I led an active lifestyle, did physical education, running. Should I continue running or limit the load? (I am 70 years old).– The first thing to do is to consult a doctor.
Angina should be treated. It is necessary to restore the disrupted blood supply to the heart, and then run.
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru21.03.2011