Physical education protects against cancer
Physical activity reduces the risk of developing many types of cancer
Sergey Syrov, XXII CENTURY based on the materials of JAMA: Physical Activity Associated with Lower Risk for Many Cancers
Active leisure and exercise are associated with a reduced risk of developing 13 types of cancer, according to a study published online in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine.
Inactivity, that is, a sedentary lifestyle, according to generally accepted estimates, has become a problem for 51% of US residents and 31% of people worldwide. It leads to the development of various diseases of the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, metabolism. Any reduction in the risks associated with lack of exercise can improve public health.
Dr. Steven C. Moore of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, and his colleagues combined data obtained from 1987 to 2004 during cohort studies in the United States and Europe in which participants reported their physical activity. The relationship between physical activity and the risks of developing 26 types of cancer was analyzed.
1.4 million people participated in the research, 186,932 cases of cancer were detected over 11 years.
The authors report that a high level of physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of getting 13 out of 26 types of cancer. These are adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (-42%), liver cancer (-27%), lung cancer (-26%), kidney (-23%), cardiac stomach (-22%), endometrium (-21%), myeloid leukemia (-20%), myeloma (-17%), colon cancer (-16%), head and neck (-15%), rectum (-13%), bladder (-13%) and chest (-10%). Interestingly, in most cases, the relationship can be traced regardless of body mass index or smoking experience. In general, a high level of physical activity is associated with a 7% reduction in the risk of developing cancer.
It is noted that physical activity is associated with an increase of more than 5% of the risk of prostate cancer and 27% of malignant melanoma. This relationship can be traced in regions with high levels of solar UV radiation, but it is not present in regions with lower levels of radiation.
The authors note the limitations of the study – they cannot completely rule out the possibility that nutrition, smoking and other factors could have influenced the results. In addition, the study used self-assessment of physical activity, which may be false.
The results of the study by Moore and his colleagues remind us of the important role of active leisure and physical exercise in reducing the risk and burden of cancer worldwide, not only in the United States. They demonstrate that a high level of physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of developing 13 types of cancer (including 3 of the 4 most common cancers worldwide among men and women).
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19.05.2016