The safest way to lose weight
Surgical treatment of obesity was considered safer compared to other methods
Polit.<url> according to the Guardian: Obesity surgery 'halves risk of death' compared with lifestyle changes
Based on the study of several thousand patients, the authors of a new study concluded that surgical treatment of obesity reduces the risk of death by half compared to the fight against obesity with only diet and lifestyle changes.
Now there are several surgical operations aimed at combating obesity. The most popular of them is gastric banding, in which a silicone rubber ring is put on the stomach, narrowing its lumen. As a result, the stomach becomes divided into two communicating parts: the small upper and the large lower. Since the receptors that report the filling of the stomach are located in the upper part of it, they transmit a signal of saturation when only the upper small stomach is filled, therefore, the patient begins to eat less and soon gets rid of excess weight.
The aim of the current study was to find out whether such surgical operations have a long-term effect on the risk of death among obese patients compared with non-surgical approaches. The authors studied the histories of more than 33,500 patients in the period from 2005 to 2014, of which 8385 underwent some kind of weight loss surgery. Before the start of treatment, most of them had a body mass index of more than 35 (obesity is diagnosed with a BMI of 30). The patients' condition was monitored until the end of 2015.
The results of the study show that among those who underwent surgery, the mortality rate was 1.3%, while among patients who did not have surgery, it was 2.3%. After taking into account other factors, including age, gender and concomitant diseases, the authors concluded that those who did not have gastric banding surgery had more than twice the risk of death. Moreover, the surgeries resulted in a greater decrease in BMI and lower blood pressure.
However, the authors admit that the patients in the study were not completely randomized, since surgical treatment of obesity was impossible for some of them due to an initially more severe condition. The study was published Journal of the American Medical Association.
A second, smaller-scale study published in the same journal was devoted to the effect of surgical treatment of obesity on patients with type 2 diabetes. 113 patients, who were observed for an average of nine years, received medical treatment, followed a diet and engaged in physical exercises, and in addition, some of them underwent surgery aimed at weight loss. The results show that in the initial period, various complications were more common among those who underwent surgery, but a year later, the average weight loss among them turned out to be greater. After a few more years, the advantage of those who had the operation increased.
Francesco Rubino, professor of metabolic and bariatric surgery at King's College London, commenting on these two articles, says that only prejudice restrains the wider spread of such operations.
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