Tourist's first aid kit
A trip abroad – how to prepare
As the name implies, it is focused on studying the problems of tourists. In this manual we will tell you what we know thanks to her: what vaccinations to do, what to put in the first aid kit and how to avoid exotic diseases.
What can you get sick withIn 2013, Russian citizens traveled abroad 54,069,079 times.
Most often, people go on vacation to Turkey, Egypt, Greece, China and Thailand. Due to climate change, food, flora, fauna, travelers often get sick. The leaders of tourist diseases are diarrhea (54.6%), fever, as well as vector–borne (transmitted by insects and ticks) infections (20%), SARS, pneumonia and other diseases of the respiratory system (16.9%). Women are more likely than men to have diarrhea, psychological stress, urinary tract infections. Men are more prone than women to acute febrile infectious, cardiovascular diseases, viral hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases.
What to put in the first aid kitWherever a person goes, the following drugs may be useful to him:
– Anti-inflammatory (antipyretic) agents: acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, ibuprofen. They are used at elevated body temperature, overheating. At the same time, you need to drink a lot of water. These drugs should be taken with caution by people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, peptic ulcer of the stomach and intestines. Paracetamol and ibuprofen also belong to painkillers (by the way, they can also be used for sunburn). However, if there is pain, it is better to take them only after a doctor's appointment. Otherwise, you can erase the clinical manifestations, for example, appendicitis.
– Preparations that contain digestive enzymes: pancreatin. They are needed to adapt the body to a new food. And even if the trip is not scheduled to exotic countries. These remedies can also be used for diarrhea (diarrhea) and overeating.
– Sorbents: activated carbon. They are used for food, overeating, the development of various allergic reactions.
– Antiallergic drugs: loratadine, cetirizine. They are especially needed by people with an unfavorable allergic history (various types of allergies to food, plants, etc.). They are used for severe skin reactions to insect bites, water, food, plants. In addition, antihistamines help with seasickness and sunburn.
– Band-Aid. It is needed to prevent the development of infections with calluses, scuffs, minor bruises and wounds. Previously, iodine and zelenka were taken with them on a trip as antiseptics. But now more modern means have appeared, one of them is octenidine, which is used to disinfect tissue with wounds, cuts. It will also accelerate healing. Another antiseptic and disinfecting drug is povidone-iodine. However, it is incompatible with other similar products, especially those containing alkalis, enzymes and mercury.
The first-aid kit needs and can be supplemented with other medications, depending on the purpose of the trip (a surfer and a visitor to a music festival in Belgium should take different medications with them) and the country of residence. In particular, when traveling to southern countries in the first days, it is not recommended to actively sunbathe. People with fair skin, pregnant women, young children, the elderly, those who have a lot of moles should be especially careful. It is necessary to use creams and suntan lotions with a high sun protection factor (SPF). Tanning can lead not only to burns, but also to skin cancer. If you still have a sunburn, painkillers and antihistamines, as well as a moisturizer, will help.
In case of chronic illness, allergies or pregnancy, it is necessary to consult a specialized specialist before traveling. He can adjust therapy and generally give recommendations on how to behave in a new climate.
What vaccinations to doVaccinations are divided into three categories: planned (routine) vaccination – in accordance with the national calendar, mandatory (applies only to yellow fever in the respective countries, as well as meningococcal infection and polio during the pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia) and optional.
The latter group includes vaccinations against cholera, hepatitis A, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal infection, rabies, tick-borne encephalitis and typhoid fever. In these cases, vaccination is a voluntary concern for your health. In those countries where tourists from Russia most often go, vaccinations are usually not particularly needed. To find out what kind of vaccination is required in a particular country, you can visit the National Travel Health Network and Centre website.
In Moscow, most vaccinations can be done in private medical centers or district polyclinics. For exotic diseases, vaccination is carried out at the Central Vaccination Center for those traveling abroad and at the City Advisory and Diagnostic Center for Specific Immunoprophylaxis. You can find the addresses of such centers in other cities on the website privivka.ru .
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru23.005.2014