Young mice
A way to overcome skin aging has been found
Scientists at the California Medical University in San Diego (USA) have identified the mechanism of skin aging. They also successfully restored the functions of dermal cells by suppressing the activity of a specific molecule – TGF-beta. The results of the work are published in the journal Immunity (Zhang et al., Age-Related Loss of Innate Immune Antimicrobial Function of Dermal Fat Is Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta).
Dermal fibroblasts are connective tissue cells. They protect the outer layers of the human body from infections and secrete fats that give the skin a youthful appearance.
Researchers have shown that the skin of newborns contains a large number of fibroblasts that secrete fat and the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin. With age, the number of dermal fibroblasts together with skin fat begins to decrease, and protection from infections begins to weaken. It turned out that a key role in this is played by a protein called transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). TGF-beta affects adult fibroblasts by suppressing the synthesis of fat and cathelicidin.
Scientists have inhibited TGF-beta in fibroblast cell cultures, as well as in cells of live mice. At the same time, fat and antimicrobial activity was restored. In adult rodents, resistance to Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) increased, which is often found on the skin and mucous membranes in humans, sometimes causing severe infectious diseases up to blood poisoning.
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