Diabetes and enteroviruses
Enteroviruses increase the risk of diabetes by at least eight times
Svetlana Maslova, Hi-tech+
In people with a genetic predisposition, the risks increased up to 29 times. The new work confirms the potential of vaccination for the prevention of type I diabetes. Currently, such clinical studies are being actively conducted and are likely to lead to new medical recommendations in the near future.
Currently, there are several hypotheses about how enteroviruses can increase the risk of developing type I diabetes. For example, it is believed that an important mechanism may be the interaction of viruses and certain genes. To assess the impact of enteroviruses on diabetes risks, Australian scientists from The University of New South Wales conducted a meta-analysis of existing data. Writes about the conclusions EurekAlert (Common group of viruses strongly linked to type 1 diabetes).
In total, the scientists analyzed the data of more than 12 thousand people from 60 different studies. 5981 patients had type I diabetes or the first signs of the onset of the disease — insular autoimmunity, in which antibodies begin to infect the islet cells of the pancreas.
The analysis showed that in people with insular autoimmunity, positive tests for enteroviruses were twice as high, and in people with diabetes — eight times higher.
A month after the diagnosis of diabetes, the probability of detecting enterovirus was already 16 times higher. Finally, in patients with diabetes and a genetic predisposition to it, the risks increased up to 29 times.
The authors note that the number, time, duration and even the place of exposure to viruses matters. For example, viruses from the intestine, together with activated immune cells, can move into the pancreas, leading to inflammation.
There is a high probability that viruses act together with other triggers — diet, imbalance of the gut microbiota and exposure to chemicals. This remains to be verified in further studies.
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