Aging caught by the hand
Key aging genes found
Scientists at the University of Exeter (UK) have identified a group of genes that play a key role in the aging process. They regulate splicing factors – molecules that determine the path of information RNA maturation. This is reported in a press release on Medicalexpress: Disrupting genetic processes reverses aging in human cells.
Splicing is the process of cutting out nucleotide sequences (introns) from an RNA molecule and stitching the remaining ones (exons), resulting in the maturation of the molecule. Thus, introns do not carry information about the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide (protein).
Drawing from Wikipedia – VM.
Sometimes alternative splicing occurs when exons are cut out or introns remain, as a result of which the same gene can encode different polypeptides. An important role in this is played by spliceosomes – complexes of RNA and proteins.
Splicing factors that determine the activity of the spliceosome, in turn, are regulated by transcription factors – other proteins that bind to DNA and are able to activate or "turn off" the corresponding genes.
Researchers have shown that blocking the ERK and AKT signaling pathways contributes to the reduction of aging cells and rejuvenation of cell cultures. A similar effect can be achieved by inhibiting the key components of these pathways – the FOX01 and ETV6 genes encoding transcription factors. In this case, scientists also noted an increase in the number of splicing factors.
Scientists hope that the results of the study will help develop methods to combat aging and related diseases, such as chronic inflammation or cancer.
Article by Latorre et al. FOXO1 and ETV6 genes may represent novel regulators of splicing factor expression in cellular senescence published in FASEB Journal – VM.
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