Slow down aging
MSU biologists told how to slow down cell aging
Experts of Lomonosov Moscow State University summarized the latest scientific achievements in a little-studied area. The researchers were interested in how the features of protein synthesis in the cell are related to aging. This allowed them to formulate recipes for life extension that can help humanity in the future.
The authors' review article was published in the scientific journal Aging (Anisimova et al., Protein synthesis and quality control in aging).
Every living cell contains thousands of different proteins. Proteins are one of the main "building materials" for the body and catalysts for a variety of vital biochemical reactions in the cell.
Information about how to synthesize a particular protein is stored in DNA. However, mutations occur from time to time during cell division. Such an "error in the instructions" can lead to the creation of a defective protein, which not only does not perform its functions, but also interferes with the work of the cell.
The older a person is, the more divisions his cells have gone through and the more errors have accumulated in their DNA. Therefore, the number of defective proteins also increases with age.
Is this process one of the mechanisms of aging? How exactly does it lead to the transformation of the cell into a more "elderly" one? Is it possible to slow down or even stop this "accumulation of errors"? This is a little-studied question.
A team of biologists from the Laboratory of Systemic Biology of Aging of Lomonosov Moscow State University decided to collect all relevant data on this topic and summarize them in a review article.
A huge number of scientific papers are published every day in the world, so it's easy to miss the necessary information in this stream. Scientists bitterly joke that sometimes it is easier to make a new discovery than to find information about it. In such a situation, reviews or meta-analysis are no less important than original research.
The analysis of many scientific publications on the topic of cell aging led experts to the conclusion that it is closely related to translation disorders. (Recall that translation is the process of protein synthesis by a matrix of RNA, which, in turn, is copied from DNA). However, the mechanisms of this relationship have not yet been clarified.
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