Cardiologist in your pocket
UNN has developed a system of automatic heart diagnostics with the accuracy of a medical opinion
Lobachevsky University Blog, Naked Science
Scientists of the Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics of UNN have developed a system of automatic diagnostics of the cardiovascular system in real time. The hardware and software complex "Cardiomayak" allows you to detect various heart pathologies without the participation of a doctor, register arrhythmias, predict the likelihood of sudden cardiac death.
The hardware and software complex includes several modules. The cardiograph, which is attached to the user's chest, reads data about the work of the heart. It is possible to take an ECG from one to twelve leads. With the help of a mobile application, they are transmitted to the Yandex server, where the information is processed. A description of the heart condition and the results of ECG diagnostics can be seen in a special web service. The device transmits an array of data via wireless communication channels in real time. At the same time, information is transmitted without loss or distortion of the original ECG signal. Both the doctor leading the patient and himself can view the results of the studies.
The capabilities of the software and hardware complex expand the methods of early diagnosis of diseases of the circulatory system and remote monitoring of the health of patients. Already, his conclusions are as close as possible to medical ones. The device is capable of simultaneously recording new and reading stored data. This is especially important when conducting medical research in real time.
The device's software uses a database that includes about 36700 electrocardiogram records. This is an ECG of patients aged 17 to 80 years. A medical report was drawn up for each case. Thanks to machine learning technologies, the device automatically builds diagnosis algorithms based on this sample. Analysis of the results of automatic ECG decoding showed that the capabilities of neural networks can be successfully used for automatic analysis of the heart. The diagnostic accuracy of the device is 86.9-95.1 percent.
Grigory Osipov, a leading researcher at the laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Large Data Processing, one of the authors of the development, says: "With the help of a "Cardiomayak" we can continuously capture and transmit data for three days. The complex works on the basis of machine learning technologies. Complex mathematical calculations together with advanced digital technologies make it possible to make an accurate diagnosis and identify pathology.
I would like to note that in the future the device can be used not only in medical centers, but also in everyday life. Just like we use a blood pressure monitor. If a person has a tendency to cardiovascular diseases, then such a device at hand is simply necessary for him. Now the possibility of manufacturing a large batch of devices for household use is being worked out."
The complex is constantly being upgraded. The hardware architecture of the device is developing, the ECG base is increasing, and with it the accuracy of the device. In addition, the authors of the development plan to expand its functionality with the help of body temperature and blood saturation sensors, as well as an accelerometer. In order not only to diagnose heart disorders, but also to get a general picture of the state of the body.
Medical institutions participate in the project. Tests of the "Cardiomayak" are carried out on the basis of clinics in Nizhny Novgorod, as well as at the Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery (Moscow) and at the V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia (St. Petersburg). The patent for the development was received in 2021.
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