Diabetes and circadian rhythms
"Repair" of circadian rhythms restores the pancreas in diabetes
Svetlana Maslova, Hi-tech+
Scientists have adjusted the "broken" biorhythms of pancreatic cells and restored the correct secretion of hormones. This means that it is possible to cope with diabetes largely due to compliance with the daily routine and proper eating habits.
The circadian clock system is present in almost all cells of the body. They synchronize metabolic functions with the change of day and night. Many studies confirm that violations of 24-hour biorhythms increase the risks of diabetes, obesity and other diseases. Now scientists from Switzerland have demonstrated for the first time that the "breakdown" of the circadian rhythms of pancreatic cells disrupts the secretion of hormones.
Article by Petrenko et al. In pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetes patients, the dampened circadian oscillators lead to reduced insulin and glucagon exocytosis is published in the journal PNAS – VM.
In the new experiments, the team compared pancreatic islet cells in people with type 2 diabetes and healthy volunteers. The cells were observed during the day using special fluorescence microscopy.
Langerhans island with insulin-producing cells (green) and glucagon (red). The cell nuclei are colored blue. A drawing from the press release of the University of Geneva Could resetting our internal clocks help control diabetes? – VM.
It turned out that diabetics' circadian clock cells were damaged. This disrupted the secretion of hormones.
Previously, similar results were obtained in mouse models, in which the secretion of insulin and glucagon was disrupted due to "breakdown".
To correct hormonal disorders, scientists used the flavonoid nobiletin, extracted from the peel of citrus fruits. The positive properties of nobiletin have recently been discovered for synchronizing circadian rhythms.
Exposure to nobiletin helped restore the circadian clock of islet cells. "By synchronizing circadian rhythms, we observed improvements in insulin secretion," the authors explained.
The findings were the first proof of this concept.
For patients with diabetes, this means that the simplest and at the same time effective preventive measure is a regular daily routine and meals.
In the new stages of research, scientists will work on the creation of effective modulator molecules to restore the circadian rhythms of pancreatic cells in humans.
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