Fecal therapy has been started in Novosibirsk
Fecal transplantation came to Russia
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For the first time in Russia, the Center for New Medical Technologies of the Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences began to use a recently appeared method of therapy – fecal transplantation, RIA Novosti reports. The director of the Institute, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Valentin Vlasov highly appreciated the effectiveness of this method.
The essence of the method of fecal transplantation (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, FMT) that has appeared in recent years in the USA is the transplantation of intestinal bacteria of a healthy person to a patient. Transplantation has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of intestinal disease caused by Clostridium difficile. This bacterium lives in the intestine often, but becomes pathogenic after many other bacteria die from the use of antibiotics. Clostridium difficile itself is resistant to most antibiotics. The disease occurs in hospitals or after discharge in people who have been treated with antibiotics, and proceeds in the form of severe recurrent diarrhea. In the USA, it causes the death of up to 14 thousand people in a year.
The first report on the use of FMT to combat this disease was made in the fall of 2012 at the annual conference of the American Society for the Study of Infectious Diseases (Infectious Diseases Society of America). At Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, clinical trials took place between May 2010 and December 2011. During this time, 49 patients were treated, 43 of them fully recovered in a short time. The material for transplantation was injected into the colon through a tube in the form of a homogenized solution of 30-50 grams of feces in warm water. The study revealed no side effects or complications after fecal transplantation.
Then another series of clinical trials was conducted, which showed that fecal transplantation led to the cure of 94% of patients, whereas only 31% recovered when treated with the powerful antibiotic vancomycin, and 23% in the control group receiving placebo. Doctors prematurely stopped the trial, as they considered it unethical to deprive patients from the control groups of therapy, the effectiveness of which was already proven. A report on these trials was published on January 31, 2013 in The New England Journal of Medicine. In the summer of 2013, the new treatment method was officially approved in the USA.
The researchers tried to avoid fecal transplantation by growing cultures of the right bacteria and injecting only them into the patient's body. But such treatment did not bring success. Apparently, success depends on a complex relationship in the bacterial community of the intestine, which is difficult to reproduce, but easy to obtain during transplantation.
Recently, students at Princeton University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have created the OpenBiome Foundation, which collects a bank of fecal samples for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.
Novosibirsk doctors also used fecal transplantation to combat Clostridium difficile. Valentin Vlasov noted that domestic specialists initially did not recognize the innovation, but after the first tests they were convinced of its effectiveness. According to the academician, after transplantation, the symptoms of the disease disappear in one day. Samples for transplantation are taken from relatives of the patient and injected into his gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope.
Currently, research is underway on the use of FMT to combat other diseases: ulcerative colitis, obesity and diabetes.
Portal "Eternal youth" http://vechnayamolodost.ru14.03.2014