Long Life Mutations
Longevity mutations were found in men
Researchers from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine write in their article in Science Advances about the genetic causes of longevity (Ben-Avraham et al., The GH receptor exon 3 deletion is a marker of male-specific exceptional longevity associated with increased GH sensitivity and taller status). The authors of the work analyzed the genomes of 841 people, and found out that when a certain piece of a sufficiently large size falls out of the GHR (growth hormone receptor) gene, it allows you to live on average for as much as 10 years longer. The mutation only works in men; as for the GHR gene, it encodes a receptor for growth hormone.
A protein that is obtained from a mutant gene still perceives a hormonal signal, and those who have such a mutation in their genome grow two and a half centimeters taller than people with the usual variant of the receptor. The researchers explain this by the fact that the mutant protein, although it retains the ability to interact with the hormone, works differently with it throughout life. In adolescence, it amplifies the growth hormone signal and forces the body to grow as fast as possible, whereas in adults, such a receptor perceives the hormonal signal weaker than usual, so that cells begin to divide more slowly, and due to slower division, the aging process slows down. However, all this is still hypotheses, and the specific molecular-cellular mechanism of longevity here remains to be clarified.
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21.06.2017