The heart-kidney axis
Immunity against heart attack. Scientists have discovered an interesting pattern
SibSMU scientists as part of an international team for the first time studied the mechanisms of interaction of immune system cells in the kidneys and heart in patients with myocardial infarction. Experts believe that this will bring them closer to the personalized diagnosis and treatment of kidney and heart failure in people with such a diagnosis.
According to scientists, the work is of great importance for the development of medicine. The results of the study are published in the Journal of Personalized Medicine (Kercheva et al., Macrophages of the “Heart-Kidney” Axis: Their Dynamics and Correlations with Clinical Data and Outcomes in Patients with Myocardial Infarction, Macrophages of the heart-kidney axis: their dynamics and correlations with clinical and anamnestic data in patients with myocardial infarction).
According to experts, there is a relationship between the simultaneous deterioration of kidney and heart muscle functions in conditions of ischemia, namely myocardial infarction. The presence of such a connection leads to the fact that the deterioration of the function of one organ entails the defeat of another.
Both in the affected kidneys and in the myocardium, scientists found a certain dynamics of macrophage cells. These cells belong to the innate immune system. They are responsible for the destruction of pathogenic particles and are involved in the healing of damaged tissues. According to experts, the search for a certain type of macrophage cells in the body, the number and dynamics of which are associated with an unfavorable outcome of the disease, will help to make a big step in the development of anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of patients.
"We have identified the phenotypes of macrophages in the kidneys, which are interconnected both with the macrophage cells of the myocardium and with the unfavorable course of infarction. Perhaps, with their subsequent study on a larger sample of patients, they will act as a target, influencing which we will be able to change the course and prognosis of the disease," said the head of the Department of Cardiology of the Siberian State Medical University (SibSMU) Vyacheslav Ryabov.
As a result of the study, scientists not only determined the concentration and dynamics of macrophage cells, but also their relationship with clinical data, including the outcomes of the disease. Earlier studies by specialists in this field were conducted on rodents and were experimental in nature. SibSMU scientists translated these results into the conditions of real clinical practice.
"At the moment, the research is fundamental, exploratory in nature. We are at the beginning of the journey and are trying to understand whether the innate immune system has a place in the development and progression of post-infarction heart and kidney failure. This research has already helped us to move in a certain way in this direction," said Maria Kercheva, a junior researcher at the Central Research Laboratory of SibSMU.
The ultimate goal of the work at this stage is to determine the participation and place of the innate immunity system in the processes of post—infarction regenerative regeneration of the heart and kidneys. The global plans are to search for the type of macrophage cells, influencing which doctors could change the course of post-infarction regeneration of the myocardium and kidneys.
Scientists from Tomsk State University, the Research Institute of Cardiology of Tomsk National Research Medical University and experts from Heidelberg University also participated in the study.
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